Vilance N The Book Enders Game Essay Example For Students

Vilance N The Book Enders Game Essay The book starts off with Ender getting his monitor off. A monitor is something that they but on the back of these peoples necks to see if they are a good candidate to be a general to fight the buggers. The buggers are aliens. Well, since he is not monitored anymore people who have always wanted to fight him can now fight them. He ends up winning all of the fights and he goes home. As it turns out taking off his monitor was a test to see how he would handle people that fight him. A general then explains that he want to send Ender to battle school so he can learn how to fight in space. Ender decides to go. When he gets there he finds out that it is very tough. He ends up killing 2 kids and breaking count less numbers of bones in the 4 years that he is there. While he is there he plays a virtual reality game. When he beats the game the computer makes up a place called the end of the world. There are some very disturbing things here. Eventually Ender graduates battle school (2 years earl ier that anybody has ever graduated, hes a genius.) He then goes to command school were he learns how to control fleets of star ships. They put him in a simulator and he is given many missions to fly. Then one day his inspectors say that today is his final mission before they grade him. He up agents a whole planet and a vast number of ships. He ends up winning by using a secret weapon on the planet that blows it up. When he finishes the battle he realizes that everyone is cheering behind him. When he asks why they tell him that all of his missions were real ones against the buggers and that he had just destroyed all of the buggers. My favorite character in this book is Ender. He is my favorite character for many reasons. One reason is that he is really smart. He has a photographic memory and he has a 200 IQ. He also could out smart adults when he was 5. Another reason why I like him is because he likes to play video games. He says that they make him even smarter. Another reasons why I like Ender is because he doesnt let people take advantage of him. My least favorite character in this book would have to be Peter Wiggin. I despise him for a few reasons. First off because he is a jerk. He always beats up Ender and Valentine. He does this because he always needs to be in control. Another reason why I dont like peter is because he is just as smart as Ender but he uses his smarts for evil purposes. He once skinned a squirrel with out killing it so he could watch it die. Another reason why I dont like him is because even after Ender saves the world he still doesnt give Ender any respect. My favorite part in this book is when Ender defeats the buggers. This is my favorite part for 3 reasons. One, because the buggers have been destroying mankind since the year 2034. Two, Because they are ruthless killers. Finally because they have been abducting humans since 1940. They would freeze them in tubs or cut them open. My least favorite part in this book is when they take th e monitor off Ender. I dislike this part for a few reasons. First off is because it is a very painful process. It has been in the back of kids necks since they were 4 and they are taking it out when they are 6. They end up having to knock him out in order to remove it. Another reasons is because after he gets the monitor taken off he gets beat up. Another reasons is because everyone hates Ender because when they take off your monitor that means you didnt make it to the battle school when infact he did make it. 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Religious Fundamentalism and Its Effect on Society an Example of the Topic Government and Law Essays by

Religious Fundamentalism and Its Effect on Society 1. Introduction This paper seeks to discuss liberal interpretations of the Scripture (Bible, Koran, Torah, etc.) that have been used to support prejudice, justify slavery, sexism, war, ban textbooks and deny the rights of gays and lesbians. This paper takes the position that fundamentalism is a form of oppression that is driven by the need for a man to control and manipulate for power and that this goes against the true meaning of the Scriptures. The existence of 10 commandments throughout most Scriptures could provide evidence of existence of religious fundamentalism among significant religions. Need essay sample on "Religious Fundamentalism and Its Effect on Society" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed University Students Frequently Tell EssayLab specialists: How much do I have to pay someone to write my essay online? Specialists propose: Best Student Essay Writing Company Cheap Essay Writing Collage Papers For Sale Essay Paper Writing Service 2. Analysis and Discussion Although it may be argued that a great number of experts and analysts refer to the rise of Islamic terrorism as a new phenomenon, to be more deadly and more simple-minded than the more traditional terrorism associated with separatist and nationalist movements, still others may term the Islamists as if they are some inexplicable and incomprehensible people with suicidal tendencies as the same people make no demands and take no credit for their acts of terror (Mattil, n.d.). Mattil (n.d.) however noted the lack of monopoly of the Islamist behavior when he pointed out the surprising similarities between Islamic, Christian and Jewish fundamentalists. He argued that religious fundamentalists often share some common traits and motivations with secular dissidents engaged in political violence. He inferred as result that perhaps the most alarming situation is the convergence of fundamentalist interests and the potential for a global holy war. As this paper takes the position that fundamentalism is a form of oppression that is driven by the need for a man to control and manipulate for power, this paper believed these religious fundamentalists must be motivated by common emotion which is behind that manipulative need for power. Such emotion is called fear.Winston Churchill has warned that people have not to fear but fear itselg. These words appear to match with sweeping political accuracy with what is happening now. Mattil (n.d.) argued that fear was the only motivating factor behind political violence as fear comes out as the reason given by people why they have, kill or die for a cause. Mattil (n.d.) further argued that religious fundamentalists get united by their fears.He explained that whether these fundamentalists are Christians, Muslims or Jews, fear is the common denominator. As to what they actually fear varies. It could be fear of change or modernization and loss of influence. The same people may also fear the young will abandon the churches, mosques and synagogues for physical and material gratification. In other aspects fear could extend to fearing the influence of mass media, and its ability to undermine the young with different form of entertaining arts in the form of song, dance, fashion, alcohol , drugs, sex and even freedom itself. In short there is fear about the loss of control in the future about the members of their group. These fears are believed to be common among traditionalist Muslims as they are with traditionalist Jews and Christians. Thus one could hear the same concerns about moral decay, decadence, and the influence of the wicked. It is this area of peoples lives that there are indeed evils taught to them by their religious leaders. Since fears resonate loudest among those people who are poor or are lacking hope due to frustration from political and economic systems which they could hardly understand or control, religion will provide the meaning and it assures them hope if not materially at least for future salvation. Thus it should not be surprising for the observant-type of people to understand that fear does make connection for the many nationalist, separatist and independence movements as hey end up in political violence. Mattil (n.d.) believed that although experts, academics and analysts hypothesize about a multitude of causal effects that will produce violence, the thing that is not seen yet could completely explain things is that fear is the underlying motivator. Mattil (n.d.) further argued that core characteristics of social beings which include common values, religion, culture, language, and tradition for them to survive and prosper as group create the bonding when they fear something especially loss of survival. In these peoples attempt to change the situation, they could do many things like exaggerating the threats so that bonding gets harder and more meaningful to move them under a common cause, which will finally end up with their religion which gets twisted when people have no other hope but their beliefs. Mattil (n.d.) cited as examples the case of Northern Ireland conflict where both sides fear changes that will erode their nationality, language or culture or with it their economic opportunity. He noted similar motivations in Palestine and Israel and among the Kurds of Turkey, Iraq and Iran. What then is the connection of group of people fearing something with religious fundamentalism? Fundamentalism gets born as these groups fearing many things will have to unify themselves under a common solution or a divine truth.Mattil (n.d.) then argued that a movement cannot willfully and openly admit its fears for doing so would mean admitting weakness and despair. The result instead was to develop a positive political or theological proposition and agenda. Thus one could now see the creation of religious fundamentalism as driven by fear, under a unique version of a revealed Truth for each religion to see the reason for complete participation. Since truths cannot be temporal, thus the belief must inerrant. Gods word becomes the perfect way to justify the proposition. Thus the Bible, the Koran and Torah could have similarities under the proposition. Hence parts if not all of the Ten Commandments from the Book of Exodus could have similar or equivalent version in the Koran (Arshed, 2003) and the Torah. This fear necessitates an enemy which could be the devil, rival church, religious liberals, God-denying communists, or some other incarnation of evil. The resulting irrational religious anger demands a target, hence the need for an enemy (Spong, 1992). Because of the fear of eternal damnation that has characterized believers of religious fundamentalism, the true meaning of the Scriptures which is brotherhood to all men is sacrificed at the altar of the need to manipulate and control others for the sake of trying to preserve or prevent the evolution of human intellect into higher realms of spirituality. The newly discovered truth as far as these religious groups are concerned is that they need to justify many things for their survival. The first one is that religious fundamentalism has justified slavery. The bible was used to justify owning slaves and biblical writings were resorted to promote and justify the slavery institution (Mathza, 2007). The second instance is that religious fundamentalism has justified sexism. Since sexism may be taken to mean any discriminatory or abusive behavior against the opposite sex the fact the women is equated to evil because they are not allowed to assume major part of church activities. Women would also be blamed if the men have done something wrong because of strong religious belief that only women are evil (Spong, 1992). On this basis it could be inferred that religion was created by men and those women are to remain as subjects of men in religion. This is evident in the Catholic faith were women cannot become priest. If these women want to serve in their faith they just become nuns but they will obey priest because that is what religion has taught them. This is glaring evidence that sexism is justified by religious fundamentalism. As to justification of war, the attack of terrorists as done by members of Islamic world, it could be argued that the religious fundamentalism is the culprit. On the other hand if the attack of the US on Iraq is considered a war, then religious fundamentalism has indeed justified war hiding under the wardrobe of political democracy. Religious fundamentalism has justified banning of textbooks. For some Islamic countries which ban the bible, the same countries may be considered to have banned text books also related to biblical literature. Religious fundamentalism has justified denial of the rights of gays and lesbian in a number of occasions. To cite proof Kili and Uncu (1998) asserted homosexuality is prohibited with Islamic law. They authors cited the basis for such practice under the Koran which talks about the tribe of Lur, in which men had sex with men. In that event these men having sex with their kind are punished for the transgression by way of Allah sending stones that had rained down on them from the sky. By such teachings, Turkish children are brought to have religious faith that lesbians and gay men are sinners. This is the reason why homosexuality is seen as threat to the family and by extension to society as a whole (Kili and Uncu, 1998). 3. Conclusion This paper has demonstrated clearly that religious fundamentalism is a form of oppression that is driven by the need for a man to control and manipulate for power and which is basically rooted in fear. It was in seeking the solution towards the truth that religious fundamentalism was born but this paper believes that the same is still against the true spirit of Scriptures because the deeper meaning of which is charity and brotherhood to all then regardless of religious affiliation. Until religious groups practicing fundamentalism will see this reality, the manipulation for power is bound to continue. References: Arshed (2003), Islam Supports Bibles TEN Commandments, {www document} URL, http://www.islam101.com/religions/TenCommandments/tcQuran.htm, Accessed April 30, 2008 Kili and Uncu (1998), Turkey Country Report Mathza (2007) Extreme Islamic Fundamentalism Mattil, James (n.d.) What in the Name of God? Religious Fundamentalism, Fear & Terrorism Spong (1992),Rescuing the Bible from Fundamentalism, Harper One

The Right to live and Die Chicano Movement

The Right to live and Die Chicano Movement Introduction: The Long Journey to Freedom One of the most striking events in the world history, the Chicano Movement heralded the beginning of the new epoch – the era of the equal rights for both the Native Americans and the Latin Americans. However, like any other journey, this one was rather complicated and filled with all possible obstacles.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Right to live and Die: Chicano Movement specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Although the struggle for rights was one of the noblest aims that could cause the fight, there was a considerable element of controversy that posed danger to the solidarity of the members. A perfect specimen of how the wind of changes broke those whose spirit was weak enough, Mama Chona is a real study on hypocrisy and faithfulness, the family devotion and slyness, cunning and at the same time wise as she was. Could she be depicted as deplorable? Hardly anyone co uld agree to such characteristics; yet there was that certain something about her that did not let her stay noble. As the world around is ruined, and the people you used to know become complete strangers, there is only one way out, which is ignoring the faults and the weaknesses of the family. The resort of all those in despair, this is a sweet consolation indeed. Mamma Chona and Her Religion: Searching for the Answers It is quite peculiar that in her life, the religious issues and the family life were so closely intertwined. It could be assumed that the beliefs of the family members were a model of their relationships. What is supposed to be the secret between the Lord and a mere mortal, the daily prayers turned into the means to escape from the cruel reality. Perhaps, it was the inner strength that the religion, that is, the belief and the daily prayers, gave to Mamma Chona – if anything could be considered as strength in her case. Was that the miracle of the belief that th e Bible tells people so much about? Or, perhaps, the secret chord that rendered the very soul of Mamma Chona and helped her to stay strong and determined despite all that happened around her, the world ruining, and the people fading away like the morning dew? Hardly anyone knows. Tracking the life of the woman, one could lift the veil of mystery about the family, the religion and the Chicano movement intertwined.Advertising Looking for essay on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The Sin of Cheating Is there a grater sin than keeping silence when there is something wrong happening? Although Miguel Grande cannot be considered as a positive character anyway, the way Mama Chona behaves might seem even more repulsive. Concealing the mischief and cheating of her son, she becomes his ally and at the same time his traitor – for she does not help him to find the way to the decent life. Bringing him up and raisin him as a family tyrant Mama Chona is not able to mend the broken relationships between her son and her daughter-in-law; she is not able to do practically anything. â€Å"He did not like to speak directly to the Mexican women Juanita and his sisters took on to help him with the household chores† (Islas 3), which means that the man possessed rather cowardly traits of character; yet he demonstrated his dominance over the wife – isn’t that the sign of weakness? Her son, a cheater – could there be a greater insult to a mother. However, it is quite peculiar that Mama Chona tries to close her eyes on the facts and pretend that the family is as strong and glued together as ever. Like a house on a rotten foundation, the family is falling apart, yet Mama Chona is trying to put the pieces together, pretending that everything is going to be fine. Standing at the Beginning Leading Mama Chona through the miseries of her life straight to the quiet religious haven, her b eliefs make her survive the shocking truth about her family, namely, her children. Supported by the beliefs and ideas of hers, Mama Chona proves almost invulnerable to the tragedies that she suffers. However, it seems that the religion of Mamma Chona is not the mysterious Rain God. Looking closer at her life and at the world that revolved around her, one can see distinctly that this was the family that was the essence of the woman’s life. The very first lines of the novel expose Mama Chona’s secret to the reader: A photograph of Mama Chona and her grandson Miguel Angel – Miguel Chico or Mickie to his family – hovers above his head on the study wall beside the glass doors that open out into the garden (Islas 3)Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Right to live and Die: Chicano Movement specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The controversy of the Chicano movement and the political ideas that und erlay it are shown through depicting the family life of Mama Chona, which is quite peculiar. This is one of few attempts to intertwine the family and the politics – and, it must be admitted, one of the most successful ones. Exposing the weaknesses of Mama Chona to the public and yet emphasizing certain strong points that she possessed, Islas made quite a portrait of the Chicano movement. Just as lame and uncertain as the ideas of Mama Chona were, it was basically grounded on a single pillar – the power of tradition; like many other political manifestations, it was full of controversy. However, there is that certain something that makes Mama Chona – and the Latin American movement – somewhat stronger – that is the incredible, truly Latin, pride. Religion as a Way Out Has anyone ever mixed the politics and the religion? That should be something truly incredible. What strikes most about the story is that the political turmoil and the mixture of ideas is the exact reprint of the religious situation in Mama Chona’s family. Surprisingly, there is very little that keeps the family members together in terms of the spirituality. Although one of the key ideas of religion is to bring people together, the members of the little society of Mama Chona are detached from each other – or, it would be better to say, scattered asides with their religious beliefs. It is quite remarkable that the idea of belief is what the entire novel is pierced through with. Even without mentioning the religious issues directly, Islas points at the complicated religious situation in the family of Mama Chona. There is always a word or phrase connected with belief or trust in the book – or, rather, with the loss of the one: â€Å"The loss of his promotion was to be a shock for Miguel Grande, and he is said to have lost faith in what he believed in all his life about the country† (Calderon 124) Conclusion: Taking a Retrospective on the E vents It seems that the religious atmosphere in the family reprinted the events that occurred in the society. With all things changing their usual places, people were trying hard to keep their lives running the way they sued to, yet they failed, which led to disappointments. Perhaps, if their belief were strong enough, they could have succeeded, yet, like Mama Chona and her family, they failed to find the Rain God that could keep them together. Painful and hard to bear, this is the price of the change. Calderon, Hector and Jose David Salvador. Criticism in the Borderlands: Studies in  Chicano Literature, Culture, and Ideology. New York, NY: Duke University Press, 1991. Print.Advertising Looking for essay on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Islas, Arturo. Rain God. New York City, NY: Harper Perennial, 1991. Print.

Why Females Join Gangs Essay Example

Why Females Join Gangs Essay Example Why Females Join Gangs Essay Why Females Join Gangs Essay Why Females Join Gangs Female gang involvement has been on the rise throughout the decades. Deciding to become a gang member is a huge step for any girl or woman to take. There is no one specific reason, but instead several different motivating factors for females to join gangs. These factors include economic stresses, family stress, and a need to belong. Gender differences play a role in the urban environment and female victimization, young females turns to gangs in response to family and community violence victimization rather than a learned normalized behavior. Understanding the easons why females Join gangs in the first place will cause a better understanding of female gang involvement as a whole. This paper will discuss the contextual factors that motivate girls to Join a gang; the extent of the girls criminal behavior; and the physical, sexual, and psychological abuses the girls experience from other gang members. Female gang membership has increased in the recent years, with 29. 9% of girls claiming membership in high risk, high crime neighborhoods in 2008, and leading the National Counsel on Crime and Delinquency to rank young females as the fastest rowing offenders in national unevenly Justice population in 2009. Studies show the reason for female membership in gangs is due to pro-violent attitudes, physical abuse, abandonment and emotional abuse by caretakers. Gang involvement maybe a learned behavior situated in the context of childhood exposures to violence. In the inner cities of America a Job shortage took place in the eighties a nd early nineties, it was hard for the youths to find employment. This led to the establishment of a very productive underground economy. According to Moore, the flourishing underground economy attracted gangs and increased gang membership. With the loss of Jobs and changes to the welfare system made it very difficult for inner city members to provide for their families. This was a hard time for women especially pregnant women. For these individuals gangs were seen as positive organizations that benefited the struggling community. According to Moore, gangs offered resources and protection to community members, more specifically females who feared their neighborhood. The struggling economy and inability to find a Job made gang life very attractive to both males and females. Economic stress often translated into a strain on family life. It may seem unreal that young girls would put themselves in a situation that involves such a high rate of risk. Most female gang involvement come from broken homes, where they have previously been a victim of a crime. In 1998, the National Council on Crime and Delinquency performed a study on young girls in the California juvenile Justice system to gain information on victimization before becoming a juvenile offender. Out of all the females interviewed 92% said that they had been abused emotionally, physically, or sexually before becoming a Juvenile offender. Although a majority of girls are abused before Joining a gang, there are also many hat participate in gang activities for other reasons. There are four elements discussed by Archer and Grascia (2006) that are typical characteristics of individuals who are most likely to become delinquent and then possibly become part of a gang. The four elements include attachment to family, peers, commitment to society, involvement in traditional activities such as going to school or work and belief in moral values. The following factors affecting female gang membership branch off these four key elements. A relationship a young women has with friends and male gang members seems to e the greatest factor of female gang involvement. Protection that membership offer women may be another reason why females become part of gangs. Young women value this protection because they may feel threatened by rival gang members or other non-gang men in the environment (Miller, 1998). By entering a gang females feel that they will gain respect from others such as their parents and rival peers. In the oxford reading a finding by Wang, stated that whereas more males Join gangs to make money, females are more likely to become associated with a gang for emotional support. This statement was contradicted by Walker-Barnes and Mason in 001, who found that an influence for females to Join a gang is the possibility of committing illegal activities that could lead to money-making opportunities. It was also found that the idea of these activities as exciting and providing adventure could be another factor for influencing females to affiliate with gangs Walker-Barnes Mason. The study that Walker-Barnes and Mason did found that many of the female reported that belonging to a gang made them feel important and good about themselves, built up their self-confidence, and allowed them to experience what it is like to be part of something important. Female gang members tries to make the gang their replacement family and often times see gang membership as fun. Some females even Join gangs for friendship or fun. Females may also Join gangs to escape from hostile home environments caused by poverty, abuse, or low parental involvement. A lot of female gang members has been sexually abused at home and may Join gangs to obtain protection from the abusive families. Female gang members wants attention from their parents, Joining a gangs is a way for them to gain attention even if its in a negative way. Adverse childhood experiences affect gang involvement. The violence and abuses that female gang members encounter inside their home, in the of interparental violence or physical or sexual childhood abuse and outside the home, in a form of community gang violence has showed to be a pervasive and inescapable context. Many of the women explicitly reflected upon a casual relationship between early childhood abuse or neglect experiences and gang membership Another point made is some females may think that becoming a member of a gang will actually give them the opportunity to demonstrate violent behavioral actions they may have learned from home according to Archer Grascia. For example, female gang members are more likely than male gang members to have come from a home that contained drug use and family members that have been arrested for crimes according to Moore. A study was done on 15 young females that lives in a residential treatment, they where interviewed about gang involvement. The structure of the interview was developed from Quickers social structural view of female Juvenile delinquency, which proposes the examination of macro level and exolevel issues as well as micro level issues. One out of the 15 who were interviewed stated Basically, I was born into the gang. My mother and stepfather were leaders in the gang, and I was always there. For my first birthday I got a tattoo on my arm that says Crips. Ill be one of them till I die. Most girls arent born into the gang, usually they start hangin with us at around nine or 10. Another was interviewed she was asked her reason for Joining a gang. She replied, with two answers belonging to a family and the feeling of power. My gang is my family; Im accepted, and I know I can always count on them. My family (gang) makes me feel like Im a somebody. When were hanging, people respect me. Conflict with and ambivalence toward the family of origin are aspects of normal adolescent development according to Erikson and Molidor. The teenager feels tense and anxious in the presence of the parents and feels safe only when apart from them. Instead of admitting any dependence and love, they take an attitude that is exactly the opposite according to Freud. The healthy teenager struggles with the issues surrounding individuation and separation and slowly develops a more individual sense of self apart from the family. Becoming a young female teenager in America can be a characteristic that nfluences young females to become apart of a gang. According to Wang the want or/ and need of experiencing adult roles, the security of having a specific status and identity, and the innate response to defy parents and/or people in authority may be seen as potentially influencing a young women into a gang. Most have been victims of violence and sexual abuse from parents and relatives since early childhood. They have been victims of poor economic conditions and the cycle of poverty and of overburdened and understaffed school systems that have failed to recognize them as at risk.

The Graduate Degree Plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

The Graduate Degree Plan - Essay Example sh self-worth, and form basic moral values, it is quite essential that each child is well nurtured in all aspects of life, receiving ample nourishment, and proper discipline I have loved working with little children since I was their age myself and there are several notable traits that kids exhibit during early childhood formation. In my own observation, they are generally capable at adapting to environmental influences which are a huge contributing factor to the way they perceive both concrete and abstract matter as well as the behavior these young individuals carry out in response. It is particularly interesting to find out that majority of them, when adequately facilitated, can broadly execute around indispensable attributes as confidence, reliability, resourcefulness, intelligence, creativity, and friendliness or sociability. I find it further stimulating to see them vigorously go after a primary talent or inclination, and show ease of feeling affection or compassion by nature. To help impart my personal specialization in this endeavor, hence, I have decided to acquire admission to a graduate degree program that would serve my profound need of learning how to improve on handling children under such cognitive stage of development. Equivalently, this is to anticipate taking up major courses concerned with guiding a childs insights toward physical, mental, emotional, as well as social progress. Fervently believing that the present little ones would be the futures absolute hope, I would in every inch make it a point to foster for them an atmosphere in which they would enjoy learning to the full measure as they possess complete freedom to express themselves competitively yet interdependently within a global

Does increasing nurse-patient ratio increase in hospital patient Research Paper

Does increasing nurse-patient ratio increase in hospital patient mortality - Research Paper Example The issue of high nurse-patient rations will continue to affect the delivery of healthcare services across the U.S (Institute of Medicine, 2004). Additionally, the nursing shortage in the USA is expected to grow to 260,000 registered nursing staff by the year 2025. A shortage of this degree will be double that experienced in the past, in the US since the 1960s. Relating the case of nurse shortage in the U.S, one of the developed nations of the world, the case has not been any different for less developed nations like Taiwan. In Taiwan, a high number of hospitals are facing the problem of low nurse-staffing. The case has been very acute in recent years, leading to the closure of a number of wards at given hospitals, according to the statistics drawn from a study by the National union of Nurses’ association (Central News Agency, 2011). Research studies on hospitals and healthcare centers show that institutions with inadequate nursing personnel show poorer patient outcomes, which compromises the care administered to patients. Decreased nurse staffing was linked to patient safety concerns and the increased incidence of adverse situations like the development of pneumonia, pressure ulcers, urinary tract infections (UTIs) (Lichtig, Knauf & Milholland, 1999), patient mortality (Aiken et al., 2002), medication errors (McGills-Hall, Doran & Pink, 2004), unplanned extubation cases (Marcin et al., 2005) and longer length of stay on average (Pronovost et al., 1999). Blegen and Vaughn (1998) discussed that, with a higher proportion of the service hours offered by registered nurses (RNs), there was a resultant decrease in the average length of stay (ALOS), cases of upper gastrointestinal bleeding, UTIs, medication errors and patient complaints, pressure ulcers, and pneumonia and cardiac arrests or shock with failure to rescue. Towards addressing the nurse shortage, the government has adopted a potential payment model to address the increasing medical expenditures. This has been affected through the imposition of measures like, the restructure of the operations of the hospitals facing financial pressure. This encompasses the adoption of strategies like the hiring of unlicensed assistant nurses or casual nurses, who are paid lower amounts as compared to the RNs, and can fill the service gaps (Sun et al., 2005). Nevertheless, it is challenging to improve nursing staff levels, even after the replacement of registered nurses with the less costly personnel. The factors leading to the unsolvable nature of the situation include the gap between the numbers of available vacancies and the number of qualified registered nurses, willing to fill these vacancies, the working conditions, the nurse burnout resulting from the shortage and low job satisfaction levels (Yin & Yang, 2002). Another issue heightening the nursin g shortage is the abandonment of the nursing profession due to increased involvement in extra-patient care services like nursing informatics and utilization management. This is evident from a recent study, which showed an average vacancy level of 28% in Taiwan (Sun et al., 2005). In Taiwan, there is also legislation requiring a minimum nurse-to-patient ratio of 1:8 at hospitals. However, this minimum ratio was

Society In Philippiness Essay Example for Free

Society In Philippiness Essay When we were human beings in small tribe hunting and gathering, everybody you had to deal with was somebody you saw every day. We’re species that’s based on communication with our entire tribe. As the population grew and people had to split up into smaller tribes and separate, they got into the point where they never see each other for their whole lives (Lamy Lester). Communication is important in maintaining relationship with our family, friends, and even somebody we encounter in our day-to-day lives. The internet is the first technology that let us have many-to-many communication with anybody on the planet. In a sense, it brought us back to something we lost thousands of years ago Internet allows people to interact with others anywhere on the planet (Lamy Lester). Today’s generation is based around technology. Everything we do revolve around the internet. It is primarily a source of communication, information and entertainment, as simple click and search, internet can provide us the information we need. The internet is unique among the mass media in allowing interpersonal communication through email and instant messaging. It is a community known as â€Å"Social networking†. Social networking has left us with the chance to meet people in a much easier method; a friend is now a finger click away. _______ Filipinos use social networking sites every day. Facebook, Yahoo, MySpace and Twitter are used extensively for the purpose of communication because those are the most popular networking sites this time. There are also programs that allow us to communicate such as Skype and Yahoo messenger. On Facebook, you can simply click â€Å"add friends† and the other person can either accept you or deny you. One of the most important advantages of the use of social media is the online sharing of knowledge and information among the different groups of people. This online sharing of information also promotes the increase in the communication skills among the people especially among the learners/students of educational institutions. Some people can access social networking sites without even leaving their house. Technology and social networking is slowly taking over people’s lives and beginning to affect their personal relationships and real life interaction. College teenagers are the most common users in Social networking. Students in Lyceum of the Philippines University – Cavite (LPU-Cavite) are using social networks to keep in touch with their friends, family and for academic purposes. Since LPU-Cavite is updated and uses modern technology as a way of teaching, student’s now have the knowledge to use technology as well. Some professors even use the networking sites to upload their lectures and upcoming lessons for the student’s benefit and advantage. Social networks are increasingly being used by teachers and learners as a communication tool. Teachers create chat rooms and groups to extend classroom discussion to posting assignments, tests and quizzes, to assisting with homework outside of the classroom setting. Learners can also form groups over the social networking sites and engage in discussion over a variety of topics (Trisha Dowerah Baruah). Using social networks as a way of sending lessons and information to students consume less time and effort that will give student’s benefit for their upcoming class and discussion.